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HTML: Basics

The basics of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) include understanding its structure, elements, tags, and attributes. Here's a breakdown of the fundamental concepts in HTML:

Structure: An HTML document consists of elements that define the structure and content of a web page. The basic structure includes the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration, <html>, <head>, and <body> tags.

Elements and Tags: HTML elements are represented by tags enclosed in angle brackets. For example, <p> is a tag used for paragraphs, <h1> to <h6> for headings, <div> for divisions, <a> for hyperlinks, <img> for images, <ul> and <ol> for unordered and ordered lists, and so on.

Attributes: Tags can have attributes that provide additional information about the element. Attributes are placed within the opening tag and have values enclosed in quotes. For instance, the <a> tag can have attributes like href for specifying the URL of the hyperlink and target for defining how the link should open (_blank for opening in a new tab).

Text Content: HTML allows you to include text content directly within tags. For example:

  • <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
  • <h1>This is a heading level 1</h1>
  • <a href="https://example.com">This is a hyperlink</a>

Comments: You can add comments to HTML code using <!-- -->. Comments are not displayed in the browser and are used for adding notes or explanations within the code.

Whitespace: HTML ignores extra whitespace (spaces, tabs, line breaks) within the code, so you can format your code for readability without affecting how the browser renders the content.

Here's a simple example of an HTML document with basic structure and content:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My First HTML Page</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to My Website</h1>
    <p>This is a paragraph of text.</p>
    <a href="https://example.com" target="_blank">Visit Example Website</a>
</body>
</html>

Understanding these basics is essential for creating and structuring web pages using HTML.

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