CSS: Syntax

The syntax of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) consists of several key components:

• Selectors: Selectors target HTML elements to apply styles. They can be element selectors (e.g., p for paragraphs), class selectors (e.g., .my-class), ID selectors (e.g., #my-id), attribute selectors (e.g., [type="text"]), or more complex selectors that combine these methods.
• Declaration Block: Within curly braces {}, you define the properties and their corresponding values that you want to apply to the selected elements. Each declaration is separated by a semicolon ;.
• Properties: CSS properties specify the visual characteristics of elements. Examples include color, font-size, background-color, margin, padding, border, display, position, etc.
• Values: Values are assigned to properties to define how they should be applied. For example, color: blue; sets the text color to blue, and font-size: 16px; sets the font size to 16 pixels.

Here's an example of the basic syntax of a CSS rule:

selector {
   property1: value1;
   property2: value2;
   /* more properties */
}

For instance, to style all paragraphs (<p> elements) with a red text color and a font size of 18 pixels, you would use: 

p {
   color: red;
   font-size: 18px;
}

Selectors can be combined to target specific elements more precisely. For example, to style elements with a specific class:

.my-class {
   font-weight: bold;
   background-color: yellow;
}

Or, to target elements with a particular ID:

#my-id {
   border: 1px solid black;
}

Additionally, CSS supports comments using /* */ for multi-line comments or // for single-line comments.

/* This is a multi-line comment */
// This is a single-line comment

This basic syntax forms the foundation of CSS, allowing you to style HTML elements and create visually appealing web pages